Remote Screening And Self-Monitoring For Vision Loss Diseases Based On Smartphone Applications

Remote Healthcare Monitoring System (RHMS) represents remote observing of patient’s well-being and providing therapeutic services. Sensors play an essential part in RHMs. They measure the physical parameters and give continuous information to health organizations, doctors. The presence of Smartphones and other portable devices have allowed us to utilize remote healthcare monitoring system for an assortment of structures. Also, Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) advances considered as one of the critical research factor healthcare application for enhancing the standard of living. In this dissertation, I have presented three tiers operating in the remote healthcare monitoring system; the Body Area Network (BAN), the PAN Coordinator and the Back- Medical End System (BMEsys). The three tiers focused on several patients PAN coordinators include the Wireless Sensor Network. The Wireless Sensor Network can be used at the fixed tale-monitor location and periodic measurements. The Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) can be used in patients own home or community setting with continuous measurements and smartphones can be utilized anywhere with full range parameters, and I have provided a meaningful utilization comparison between Wireless Sensor Network, PDA and smartphone in Remote Healthcare Monitoring System (HRMs) architecture design. Evaluate the approaches of the healthcare monitoring system architecture and investigate the use of advanced technologies enabling the patient vital signs and diagnostic medical team in real-time. This dissertation demonstrates that how a Smartphone can be used for medical treatment in the field of Ophthalmology and discussed how a Smartphone and its technology could be used to diagnose loss of eye vision. Most recent smartphones have been equipped with a featured camera with high megapixels and advanced sensors which can be used to record fundus photographs through a slit lamp or record videos from an operating microscope and display images from optical coherence tomography systems and other high-tech devices. The ophthalmologists can share these images and analyze with their colleagues utilizing media sharing applications and make the optimal diagnostic and therapeutic results to diagnose the low vision of patients. At present, three widely used pocket-sized adapters can improve the magnification and lighting of the camera, which enables the smartphones to capture high-quality images of the eye. These are Portable Eye Examination Kit (PEEK), EyeGo, and D-Eye. Peek Adapter consists of a smartphone application and retina adapter which can be clipped onto the device and synchronized with the peek application for sharing and analyzing the images. This adapter can be used by anyone and anywhere in the world to examine eyes. EyeGo is an adapter intended to allow ophthalmologists and healthcare specialists to capture high-quality images of the eye using an ophthalmic lens. D-Eye Adapter is one of the extensively used adapters which yield excellent results. It consists of a portable eye and retinal system that fits onto a smartphone creating a retinal camera for evaluation and screening of the eye. It uses LED lights as a light source and requires no extra power, making it an ideal solution for portable diagnostics. The medical field has widely accepted these adaptors with the smartphones for diagnosing low vision and eye-related infections. In this dissertation, I also provide a meaningful utilization comparison between the smartphone adapters: D-Eye, EyeGo and Portable Eye Examination Kit (PEEK). In this dissertation, I have developed a new App (Remote Healthcare-Monitoring Mobile App) to help patients who have low vision and who are suffering from the diseases which may cause a vision loss. This app is capable of a process, evaluate, interact and store health data which is continuously measured by (Personal Health Monitors). This App can exchange the information directly to the Smartphone users (patients) and the doctor who allows more security and privacy. The idea of the App consists of the following: A Smartphone Application, a Data Collection Center, and Professionals in Ophthalmology. The patient should be registered in the system, for example, (Retina Michigan Center or Glaucoma Michigan Center). After registration, the patient is instructed on how to take photos of his/her eyes correctly, and then use the Smartphone application. The patient takes photos of his/her eyes and sends them to the data collection center, the specialists get access to these data and help in the treatment according to the analysis. Finally, I completed the development of the Mobile app (including the Skype and Viber links), which can help in exchanging the information between the patient and the doctor

Modeling of Ti-W Solidification Microstructures Under Additive Manufacturing Conditions

Additive manufacturing (AM) processes have many benefits for the fabrication of alloy parts, including the potential for greater microstructural control and targeted properties than traditional metallurgy processes. To accelerate utilization of this process to produce such parts, an effective computational modeling approach to identify the relationships between material and process parameters, microstructure, and part properties is essential. Development of such a model requires accounting for the many factors in play during this process, including laser absorption, material addition and melting, fluid flow, various modes of heat transport, and solidification. In this paper, we start with a more modest goal, to create a multiscale model for a specific AM process, Laser Engineered Net Shaping (LENS™), which couples a continuum-level description of a simplified beam melting problem (coupling heat absorption, heat transport, and fluid flow) with a Lattice Boltzmann-cellular automata (LB-CA) microscale model of combined fluid flow, solute transport, and solidification. We apply this model to a binary Ti-5.5 wt pct W alloy and compare calculated quantities, such as dendrite arm spacing, with experimental results reported in a companion paper